Module 3D: Hearing Conditions

There are three types of hearing condition: sensorineural, conductive and a mixed hearing loss (click the arrow to expand each one or click here to expand all of the examples below).

Sensori-neural hearing condition

A sensorineural hearing condition is a result of damage to the inner ear/cochlea or the acoustic nerve, or both. It is permanent. A sensorineural hearing loss reduces the intensity of the sound but may also distort the sound too.

Conductive Hearing Condition

A conductive hearing condition is a result of sound not being able to pass from the outer ear to the inner ear because of a blockage, such as wax/fluid or a foreign body. This loss can be temporary or permanent. Sound may become muffled and dull.

Mixed Hearing Loss

A mixed hearing loss is a mixture of sensorineural and conductive hearing loss. This may be permanent or temporary. The characteristics of the sound heard may be a mixture of those for sensorineural or conductive loss.

A hearing condition may be described as mild, moderate, severe or profound. But what does this mean? What can’t a learner hear at these levels?

  • Mild hearing loss - the most undiagnosed level of loss. A learner may experience more difficulty hearing softly spoken speech in a noisy environment i.e. the dinner hall, playground or classroom, but be more successful in quiet, one to one situation
  • Moderate hearing loss - a learner may have difficulty following normal conversational speech in all types of environment - noisy or quiet
  • Severe hearing loss - a learner may have difficulty following normal conversational speech in all types of environment, as well as having difficulty hearing louder environmental sounds, i.e. a vacuum cleaner or a hairdryer
  • Profound hearing loss - a learner with a profound loss may only hear very loud environmental sounds i.e. a lawn mower or food blender

It is important to remember that hearing loss and the causes of this, are often difficult to identify in learners with SEND. Some learners in your class may have an unidentified, or undiagnosed, hearing condition.

Key Points

  • There are three types of hearing condition: sensorineural, conductive and mixed hearing loss
  • Hearing loss may be congenital or acquired
  • The effects of a hearing condition vary from learner to learner
  • Sound may be less intense, distorted, muffled or dull
  • Understanding the effects of a hearing condition enables us to support effective learning in the classroom

Thinking Point

Use an online noise meter in your classroom. Monitor the background noise in your class for a day. What information does this give you and what adaptations might be made to support a learner with a hearing difficulty?